Alternative Approaches to Chemical Thinning for Regulating Crop Load and Alternate Bearing in Apple
نویسندگان
چکیده
In the past, chemical thinning dominated in fruit orchards. This paper for special issue outlines alternatives to crop load management (CLM) and its effect on size, firmness, sugar, starch, weight, indicating ripeness quality, yield, alternate bearing. A total of 450 apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh., cv. ‘Roter Boskoop’; six years old) M9 rootstock were used at Klein-Altendorf experimental station (50° N) University Bonn, Germany. As first alternatives, mechanically blossom-thinned balloon stage (BBCH 59) with a rotor speed 320 rpm or 380 5 km/h tractor chemically thinned full bloom 65) ammonium thiosulfate (ATS), ethephon (ETH), and/or 6-benzyladenine (BA) 10–12 mm size 71) after applying ATS/ETH. Flower clusters cluster leaves (source) manually removed determine optimum sink-source ratio achieve different ratios fruitlets (sink) relative set 67–69). Un-thinned, adjacent served as control. The majority CLM methods improved weight. Removing increased weight remaining fruit, which has not been observed before. most effective treatment return was 75% flower complete leaf removal. Removal more than 50% successfully bloom, indicative mechanical blossom had positive similar that removal clusters.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Agronomy
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2156-3276', '0065-4663']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010112